| Natural Rubber (NR) |
Sulfur-cured NR with carbon black, zinc oxide, stearic acid, antioxidants, and processing oil. |
30–70 |
Approximately −50°C to +80°C |
Good resistance to abrasion, tear, and repeated flexing. Limited resistance to ozone, sunlight, oils, fuels, and many solvents unless specially protected. |
Excellent elasticity, tactile response, resilience, and low-cost performance. |
Ages faster outdoors; may cause concern for users with natural rubber latex sensitivity. |
Manual air or liquid bulbs, low-cost medical or laboratory accessories, and products requiring high flexibility. |
| Styrene-Butadiene Rubber (SBR) |
Sulfur-cured SBR, commonly reinforced with carbon black and stabilized with antioxidants and antiozonants. |
40–80 |
Approximately −50°C to +100°C |
Good abrasion and aging performance compared with unprotected NR. Poor resistance to petroleum oils, fuels, and ozone without suitable compounding. |
Consistent supply, economical pricing, and good mechanical strength. |
Lower resilience and flex-fatigue performance than NR in some formulations; weak oil resistance. |
General-purpose bulbs where cost and wear resistance are more important than chemical resistance. |
| Nitrile Rubber (NBR) |
Sulfur- or peroxide-cured NBR, selected by acrylonitrile content and adjusted with plasticizers, carbon black, and antioxidants. |
40–90 |
Approximately −30°C to +100°C |
Good resistance to petroleum oils, fuels, and greases. Limited resistance to ozone, weathering, ketones, and strong oxidizing chemicals. |
Strong oil resistance, good abrasion resistance, and broad availability in multiple hardness grades. |
Low-temperature flexibility decreases as acrylonitrile content increases; outdoor life requires stabilization. |
Fuel or oil-contact bulbs, automotive service tools, pumps, and industrial hand-operated dispensers. |
| EPDM |
Sulfur-cured or peroxide-cured EPDM with carbon black, processing aids, antioxidants, and weathering stabilizers. |
40–90 |
Approximately −50°C to +150°C |
Excellent resistance to ozone, UV, weathering, hot water, steam, and dilute acids or alkalis. Poor resistance to petroleum oils and fuels. |
Long outdoor service life and strong resistance to water-based environments. |
Should not be selected for continuous contact with mineral oils, gasoline, or many hydrocarbon fluids. |
Outdoor air bulbs, water-handling equipment, weather-exposed products, and hot-water applications. |
| Silicone Rubber (VMQ) |
Addition- or peroxide-cured silicone with silica reinforcement, heat stabilizers, pigments, and optional post-curing. |
20–80 |
Approximately −60°C to +200°C |
Excellent resistance to temperature extremes, ozone, UV, and weathering. Moderate resistance to water and many dilute chemicals; limited resistance to fuels, oils, and abrasion. |
Very wide temperature range, low-temperature flexibility, low compression set, and clean surface properties. |
Lower tear and abrasion strength than many organic rubbers; can swell in fuels and some solvents. |
Laboratory, food-contact, medical, high-temperature, and low-temperature bulbs, subject to required compliance testing. |
| Fluoroelastomer (FKM) |
Bisphenol- or peroxide-cured FKM with carbon black, mineral fillers, processing aids, and stabilizers selected for chemical exposure. |
60–90 |
Approximately −20°C to +200°C |
Excellent resistance to fuels, mineral oils, many chemicals, ozone, and high-temperature aging. Limited resistance to hot water, steam, strong bases, and some polar solvents. |
High chemical and heat resistance for demanding industrial environments. |
Higher material cost, reduced low-temperature flexibility, and more specialized processing requirements. |
High-temperature fuel, oil, chemical, and aerospace-related applications where lifecycle cost justifies premium material selection. |